An editorial in the Economist argues that at a minimum, the "big spacefaring countries ought to consider negotiating some less formal rules of the road. These would seek to stop dangerous driving, maintain safe distances and, most importantly, avoid harm to each other's satellites."
Support is growing for a specific kind of multilateral space agreement that borrows heavily from the Bush administration's own preferences. The mechanism in question is a Code of Conduct for responsible spacefaring nations that could either take the form of political compacts or executive agreements among like-minded states that wish to continue to enjoy the national security and economic benefits that satellites provide.
The U.N. Conference on Disarmament held a structured debate on the issue of the prevention of an arms race in outer space, addressing the issue of transparency and confidence-building measures in outer space.
A recent conference discussed whether the U.S. should adopt a strategy of "cooperative engagement" with possible rivals in space (ex. China, Russia, Iran), with the aim of steering these programs into directions favorable to U.S. interests.
The Henry L. Stimson Center has developed a model international Code of Conduct to prevent dangerous military activities in space. Key provisions include avoiding collisions and dangerous maneuvers in space; prohibiting simulated attacks and anti-satellite tests in space; and adopting more stringent space debris mitigation measures.
Theresa Hitchens discusses three measures that would help improve international space cooperation and reach a compromise on the space weapons debate. The three measures are space debris mitigation, space traffic control, and transparency.